挑戰(zhàn)教會(huì)零零后新手司機(jī)買萬元二手車之如何選擇變速箱？

　　How to choose a gearbox for a second-hand car worth tens of thousands of yuan?

　　那上一期的話，我們有說到選車是如何選的,以及選哪些品牌,但我發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多新手他不會(huì)開手動(dòng)擋的車,只會(huì)開自動(dòng)擋的車,由于手動(dòng)擋的變速箱跟自動(dòng)擋的變速箱,它是有區(qū)別的,手動(dòng)擋的話呢，它只會(huì)存在一種變速箱,但是自動(dòng)擋的話呢，它是分為四款,很多新手司機(jī)的話，買自動(dòng)擋的車,他不知道這個(gè)變速箱有什么作用,那今天小編一一來給大家解答一下,目前主流自動(dòng)擋的變速箱呢，分為四種,一種是 a at 、 CVT 、 DCT 、 a amt

　　In the previous issue, we talked about how to choose a car and which brands to choose. However, I found that many beginners do not know how to drive a manual transmission car, but only know how to drive an automatic transmission car. Due to the difference between manual transmission and automatic transmission, manual transmission only has one type of transmission, while automatic transmission is divided into four types. Many novice drivers who buy an automatic transmission car do not know the function of this transmission. Today, the editor will answer for you. Currently, the mainstream automatic transmission is divided into four types: a at, CVT, DCT. a amt

　　那我們先來說 a at 變速箱,at 變速箱呢，簡(jiǎn)稱為液力自動(dòng)變速箱,它的核心原理是通過液力變矩器傳遞動(dòng)力,依靠的是行星齒輪組實(shí)現(xiàn),換擋的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)來說是比較復(fù)雜的,但是它的主要特點(diǎn)是平順性跟可靠性良好,能夠承受較大的扭矩,但傳動(dòng)的效率相對(duì)比較低,并且它的制造成本也很高,那我們?cè)谌f元二手車市場(chǎng)當(dāng)中,大多數(shù)承載的它其實(shí)還是 at 變速箱,因?yàn)樗目煽啃粤己?雖然有一些 a at 變速箱,它可能存在一定的頓挫感,但整體的穩(wěn)定性是比較好的,而且它的維修案例很豐富,維修成本是相對(duì)比較低的,我更建議大家選萬元二手車自動(dòng)擋的,可以選 at 的變速箱。

　　Let's first talk about an at transmission, also known as a hydraulic automatic transmission. Its core principle is to transmit power through a hydraulic torque converter, relying on a planetary gear set. The shifting structure is relatively complex, but its main feature is strong smoothness and reliability. It can withstand large torque, but the transmission efficiency is relatively low, and its manufacturing cost is also high. In the second-hand car market worth tens of thousands of yuan, most of it is actually an at transmission because of its strong reliability. Although some at transmissions may have some jerkiness, their overall stability is relatively good, and their maintenance cases are rich. The maintenance cost is relatively low, and I recommend that you choose a used car with an automatic transmission for tens of thousands of yuan. You can also choose an AT gearbox.

　　那第二個(gè)， CVT 變速箱,簡(jiǎn)稱無出彩變速箱,它的核心原理是通過兩組錐形輪,跟一條鋼帶的摩擦來改變傳動(dòng)比,并且呢是沒有固定檔位,它主要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是在換擋的過程中,同是沒有頓挫感的,然后它的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性也比較優(yōu)秀,缺點(diǎn)是它的鋼帶的承受扭矩有限,所以在高速行駛的時(shí)候呢,它的噪音可能會(huì)比較大,現(xiàn)在市面上普遍的自動(dòng)擋呢,大多數(shù)都是 CVT 變速箱,所以它的使用場(chǎng)景還是挺高的,但是你要是來說它跟 a at 變速箱比的話,肯定是 a at 會(huì)更好,因?yàn)?a at 的變速箱的話,它的壽命會(huì)更長(zhǎng),第三種的話就是 DCT 變速箱,簡(jiǎn)稱雙離合變速箱,它這個(gè)核心部件呢,是基于手動(dòng)擋變速箱的結(jié)構(gòu),擁有兩組的離合器,分別呢控制急速檔和偶數(shù)檔,換擋的時(shí)候呢,兩種離合器可以交替工作,主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)的話就是它換擋速度快,然后傳動(dòng)效率也高,動(dòng)力響應(yīng)也很直接,在低速擁堵的狀況下可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)頓挫,對(duì)離合器的材質(zhì)要求還是比較高的,但它的制造成本比 at 變速箱便宜,缺點(diǎn)是平順性呢,它是不如 a at 變速箱的

　　The second one is the CVT gearbox, also known as the continuously variable transmission. Its core principle is to change the transmission ratio through friction between two sets of conical wheels and a steel strip, and it does not have a fixed gear. Its main advantage is that there is no jerking sensation during the shifting process, and its fuel economy is also relatively good. The disadvantage is that its steel strip has limited torque tolerance, so when driving at high speeds, its noise may be relatively loud. Nowadays, most of the automatic transmissions on the market are CVT gearboxes, so its usage scenarios are quite high. However, if you compare it with the A AT gearbox, it will definitely be better because A AT gearbox is better. If the AT gearbox is used, its lifespan will be longer, and the third type is DCT The transmission, also known as the dual clutch transmission, is a core component based on the structure of a manual gearbox. It has two sets of clutches, which control the fast and even gears respectively. When shifting gears, the two clutches can work alternately. The main advantage is that it has a fast shifting speed, high transmission efficiency, and direct power response. In low-speed congestion, there may be jerking, and the material requirements for the clutch are relatively high. However, its manufacturing cost is cheaper than AT gearbox, and its disadvantage is smoothness. It is not as good as AT gearbox

　　另外，干涉的 DC t 變速箱,它散熱是比較差的,長(zhǎng)期擁堵啊,然后容易過熱、磨損,這些后期維護(hù)的話都需要注意到。

　　In addition, the DC transmission with interference has poor heat dissipation, long-term congestion, and is prone to overheating and wear, which need to be taken into account during later maintenance.

　　第四種的話就是 a amt 變速箱,簡(jiǎn)稱機(jī)械式自動(dòng)變速箱,目前這個(gè)變速箱啊,在這個(gè)主流家用車?yán)锩婺?已經(jīng)是很少見的了,它的原理是在手動(dòng)變速箱的基礎(chǔ)上,加上電子的控制單元,模擬人工換擋,結(jié)構(gòu)雖然簡(jiǎn)單,但是它的平順性是非常差的,且換擋的頓挫感非常明顯,駕駛的體驗(yàn)感的話,目前在主流的家用車已經(jīng)是非常少用的了,所以我是不推薦的,目前非常推薦的還是 at 變速箱和 CVT 變速箱,相對(duì)來說的話還是比較穩(wěn)定的,而且在市面上也比較常見,OK ，那今天的內(nèi)容就到這里,希望對(duì)你們有幫助,我們下期再見

　　The fourth type is the AMT gearbox, also known as the mechanical automatic gearbox. Currently, this gearbox is rare in mainstream family cars. Its principle is to add an electronic control unit on the basis of a manual gearbox, simulating manual gear shifting. Although its structure is simple, its smoothness is the worst, and the jerkiness of gear shifting is very obvious. As for the driving experience, it is rarely used in mainstream family cars, so I do not recommend it. The AT gearbox and CVT gearbox are currently the most recommended, which are relatively stable and common in the market, OK ， That's all for today's content. I hope it's helpful to you. See you in the next issue